Chromatography and Analytical Techniques

Forensic Chromatographic Tools

Chromatography plays a pivotal role in forensic science, offering precise, reproducible, and rapid identification of chemical substances across a variety of complex matrices. Gas chromatography (GC), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and LC-MS/MS are routinely applied in toxicology, arson investigations, drug testing, and trace evidence analysis. These tools enable forensic experts to detect and quantify substances such as narcotics, explosives, alcohols, and chemical residues, often at minute concentrations. Advancements in portable GC-MS systems have made it possible to perform on-site analyses at crime scenes, improving response time and preserving the integrity of evidence. Derivatization techniques, sample extraction advancements, and microfluidic integration are improving sensitivity and reducing processing times. Additionally, validated chromatographic methods adhere to judicial and regulatory requirements, ensuring the legal admissibility of results. With the integration of machine learning and spectral libraries, data interpretation is becoming faster and more accurate. As forensic science embraces innovation, chromatographic tools continue to evolve as essential instruments for delivering justice through scientifically rigorous and defensible evidence analysis.